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Prof. Dr. Ali Avanoğlu
Hypospadias Surgery • Follow-up and Assessment

Uroflowmetry and Urethrography

In every patient with a stream problem, two questions need answers: is the stream genuinely weak, and where is the blockage? That's exactly what these two tests exist to answer.

Who this is forPatients being evaluated for a stream problem
Reading≈1 min
ByProf. Dr. Ali AvanoğluUpdated
This page is part of hypospadias surgery.Read the full treatment overview on the hub page
Steady
Thin
Spraying
Dripping
urine stream
01 · Uroflowmetry02 · Urethrography (contrast imaging)03 · When are these tests requested?
In brief3 madde
  • Uroflowmetry: This test measures the speed of the urinary stream, second by second, by urinating into a special toilet.
  • Urethrography (contrast imaging): Contrast dye is introduced into the channel and an X-ray is taken to map it out.
  • When are these tests requested?: A thinning stream, straining, or urination taking longer than usual.
01

Uroflowmetry

This test measures the speed of the urinary stream, second by second, by urinating into a special toilet. It's painless, non-invasive, and takes only a few minutes.

  • The result comes out as a curve. In a stricture, this curve typically takes the form of a low, flattened plateau. The measurement is usually paired with an ultrasound of any urine left in the bladder after voiding.
02

Urethrography (contrast imaging)

Contrast dye is introduced into the channel and an X-ray is taken to map it out. It shows where a stricture is, how long it is, and whether a diverticulum is present.

  • The choice of treatment depends directly on this information — a short stricture and a long one aren't solved with the same method. For this reason, stricture surgery is never planned without imaging first.
03

When are these tests requested?

  • A thinning stream, straining, or urination taking longer than usual.
  • Recurrent urinary tract infections.
  • Dribbling or ballooning after urination.
  • As part of routine follow-up after repair, at intervals the physician considers appropriate.
Hypospadias Surgery video guide19 short videos, in order
Frequently asked questions
Can this be done in a child?
Uroflowmetry can be performed in children who are toilet-trained. At younger ages, observing urination directly and ultrasound take priority instead.
Is urethrography painful?
Brief discomfort can be felt. The procedure takes only a few minutes and is carried out with appropriate preparation when needed.
←Previous • Follow-up and AssessmentWhy Long-Term Follow-Up Is NeededNext • Follow-up and AssessmentWhat Is the Artificial Erection Test?→
Related pagesFull index →
After SurgeryUrethral Stricture After Hypospadias SurgeryIf the stream is weak but the opening itself doesn't look narrow, the stricture lies further inside the channel. This picture isn't solved by procedures aimed at the opening alone; the stricture's location and length need to be identified.Hypospadias in AdultsUrethral Stricture After Hypospadias in AdultsThe channel has narrowed following a repair done years earlier. This is the most common late complication of hypospadias surgery, and it usually appears during adolescence or adulthood.After SurgeryUrethral DiverticulumPart of the repaired channel has widened into a pouch. Urine collects there and dribbles out after urination has finished. This picture is often an early sign of a stricture further along the channel.Follow-up and AssessmentWhy Long-Term Follow-Up Is NeededHypospadias is not a file that closes once surgery is done. Some problems appear years later — which is why follow-up extends from infancy into adulthood.
Hypospadias Surgery topic clustersMain treatment page →
Basics 8Surgery in Children 8Surgical Techniques 5After Surgery 9Recurrent Cases 4Hypospadias in Adults 8Follow-up and Assessment 5
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